2.10. Mehr zu Listen

2.10.1. Funktionen zur Manipulation von Listen

(append '(a b c) '(d e f) '(g h i)) ;; -> (a b c d e f g h i)
(cons 1 '(2 3))                     ;; -> (1 2 3)
(cons 1 '())                        ;; -> (1)
(list 1)                            ;; -> (1)
(cons 2 (cons 1 '()))               ;; -> (2 1)

(list '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> ((1 2 3 4))

(first '(1 2 3 4))  ;; -> 1

(first '((1 2 3 4))) ;; (1 2 3 4)

(rest '(1 2 3 4))  ;; -> (2 3 4)

;; alte Form:

(car '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 1

(cdr '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> (2 3 4)

;; Außerdem:

(second '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 2
(third '(1 2 3 4))  ;; -> 3
(fourth '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 4
(rest (rest '(1 2 3 4))) ;; -> (3 4)

;; alte Formen zum Vergleich:

(cadr '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 2
(caddr '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 3
(cadddr '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> 4
(cddr '(1 2 3 4)) ;; -> (3 4)

;; Ausschnitt aus einer Liste:

(subseq '(a b c d e f g) 3 6) ;; -> (d e f)

       ;;; Spezialfall:

(cons 3 4) ;; -> (3 . 4)

(member 2 '(1 2 3)) ;; -> (2 3)
(member 4 '(1 2 3)) ;; -> nil